Izici, ukusetshenziswa kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwe-carbon fiber

Izici, ukusetshenziswa kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwe-carbon fiber

1.Izici kanye nezakhiwo ze-carbon fiber

 Izinto ze-carbon fibre zimnyama, ziqinile, zinamandla amakhulu, isisindo esincane nezinye izinto ezintsha ezinezakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu zemishini.Amandla adonsela phansi akhethekile angaphansi kwe-1/4 yensimbi.Amandla aqinile wezinto ezihlanganisiwe ze-carbon fibre resin ngokuvamile angaphezu kuka-35000MPa, izikhathi ezingu-7.9 kunensimbi.I-tensile modulus yokunwebeka iphakathi kuka-230000MPa no-430000MPa.Ngakho-ke, amandla athile e-CFRP, okungukuthi, isilinganiso samandla wento ekugqineni kwayo, ingaphezu kuka-20000MPa/(g/cm3), kodwa amandla athile ensimbi ye-A3 angama-590MPa/(g/cm3) i-elastic modulus nayo iphakeme kuneyensimbi.Ukuphakama kwamandla athile ezinto ezibonakalayo, kuncane isisindo somzimba wengxenye, ukuphakama kwe-modulus enwebekayo ethile, kukhulu ukuqina kwengxenye.Ngalo mqondo, ithemba elibanzi lokusetshenziswa kwe-carbon fiber kwezobunjiniyela liyaboniswa.Ukubheka izakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu zezinto eziningi ezisafufusa eziyinhlanganisela, njenge I-polymer composite glass fiber material, izinto ezihlanganisiwe ezisekelwe ensimbi, kanye nezinto ezihlanganisiwe ze-ceramic-based, ochwepheshe abaningi babikezela ukuthi izinto ezihlanganisiwe zizongena enkathini yokusetshenziswa kwezinto ezibonakalayo kusukela eminyakeni yensimbi.

I-PAN carbon fiber kanye ne-fiberglass composite materials:

(1) Izakhiwo zemishini, ukuminyana okuphansi kunensimbi, isisindo esincane;i-modulus ephezulu, ukuqina okuphezulu, amandla aphezulu, amandla aphezulu okukhathala, ukumelana okuhle kakhulu kokugqoka kanye nokuthambisa;ukuncishiswa kokudlidliza okuhle kakhulu;

(2) Ukumelana nokushisa okuncane, ukuzinza, i-coefficient yokwandisa ukushisa, ukuzinza okuhle kwe-dimensional, ukuqhutshwa kokushisa;ukumelana nokushisa okuhle kakhulu kwegesi ye-inert;

(3) Iyingxenye yezinto ezisetshenziswayo ezisebenzayo ezinezimo zokuzivikela zikagesi kanye nezakhi zokuvikela amagagasi kagesi, kanye nokuqhutshwa kukagesi kanye nezakhiwo zokuvikela amagagasi kagesi.(4) Yinhle kakhulu ekudluliselweni kwe-X-ray, futhi isakhiwo esifanele singaklanywa ngokuvumelana nenjongo.

Ngo-2007, eJapane mainUmphakeli we-Carbon fiberI-Toray Co., Ltd. ibambisane ne-Nissan Motor nezinye izinkampani ukuze zenze izinto ezisezingeni eliphezulu zisebenzisa i-carbon fiber, enganciphisa kakhulu isisindo sezingxenye eziyinhloko zemoto, njenge-chassis.Ubuchwepheshe obusha bunciphisa isisindo semoto sisonke ngo-10% futhi kuthuthukisa ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli ngo-4% kuya ku-5%.Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukumelana nomthelela kuyizikhathi ezingu-1.5 kunalokho okuvamile.Abakhiqizi bahlela ukuletha ubuchwepheshe obusha ezimotweni zentengiso eminyakeni emithathu.Ubuchwepheshe obusha buthembisa ukusheshisa ukushintshwa kwezinto zokusetshenziswa zezimoto ezimaphakathi nensimbi uma kuqhathaniswa nemithetho eqinile yezindleko zikaphethiloli ukuze kuncishiswe amagesi abamba ukushisa emhlabeni jikelele.

2.Ukusetshenziswa kwe-carbon fiber

  I-Carbon fiber yitemu elivamile lemicu ene-carbon content engaphezu kuka-90%, futhi ibizwa ngokuba nekhabhoni ephezulu.I-Carbon fiber inezici ezihlukahlukene ezinhle kakhulu ze-elemental carbon, ezifana namandla adonsela phansi amancane, ukumelana nokushisa, ukumelana nokushaqeka okushisayo, ukumelana namakhemikhali kanye ne-conductivity, njll. Ine-fiber entanglement kanye nezakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu zemishini.Ikakhulukazi, amandla ayo athile kanye ne-elastic modulus ethize iphakeme, futhi ingakwazi ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu kwe-2000 ngaphansi kwesimo sokuhlukanisa umoya-mpilo.Kuyinto ebalulekile yezimboni fiberglass impahla eluhlazafuthi ifanele ukuqinisa izinto eziyinhlanganisela, izinto zokukhipha umoya, nezinto zokuvikela ukushisa.Lena indaba entsha eyakhiwa ekuqaleni kwawo-1960 futhi manje isiphenduke into entsha ebaluleke kakhulu emphakathini wanamuhla.

Phakathi kwemikhiqizo yokuzilibazisa, isicelo sokuqala se-PAN carbon fiber induku yokudoba.Njengamanje, umkhiqizo wonyaka wokudoba we-carbon fiber ungaba izigidi ezingu-12, kanti inani le-carbon fiber esetshenziswayo lingaba amathani angu-1,200.Ukusetshenziswa kwe-carbon fibre kumakilabhu egalofu kwaqala ngo-1972. Njengamanje, ukukhishwa konyaka kwe-fibra de carbonamakilabhu egalofu emhlabeni angamabhodlela angaba yizigidi ezingu-40, kanti inani le-carbon fiber lilingana namathani angu-2,000.Ukusetshenziswa kwamarakhethi ethenisi kwaqala ngo-1974. Manje, umhlaba wakhiqiza amarakhethi e-carbon fiber angaba yizigidi ezingu-4,5 ngonyaka odlule, futhi ukusetshenziswa kwe-carbon fiber kudinga amathani angaba ngu-500.Phakathi kwezinye izinto, i-carbon fiber ibuye isetshenziswe kabanzi kuma-skis, izikebhe zeqhwa, izinti zokushushuluza, amalulwane e-baseball, imidlalo yomgwaqo, nemidlalo yasolwandle.

Iqaphela ukukhanya, ukumelana nokukhathala, ukumelana nokugqwala nezinye izakhiwo ze-carbon fiber, isetshenziswa kabanzi embonini ye-aerospace.Emkhakheni wendiza yasemkhathini, i-high-modulus carbon fibers isetshenziswe kumasathelayithi okwenziwa ngenxa yesisindo sawo esilula (ukuqina) kanye nokushisa okushisayo kokuzinza kwe-dimensional.Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ziye zasetshenziswa kumasathelayithi okuxhumana njenge-iridium.

I-compound yokubumba ixubene kakhulu ne-thermoplastic resin ngendlela yeingilazi fiber oqoshiwe imicu, enomthelela wokuqinisa, i-anti-static kanye ne-electromagnetic wave shielding, futhi isetshenziswa kakhulu ezintweni zikagesi zasendlini, izinto zasehhovisi, ama-semiconductors kanye nezinkambu ezihlobene.

3.Isimo sokukhiqizwa kwemikhiqizo ye-carbon fibre ezweni lami

  Ukukhiqizwa nokusetshenziswa kwe-carbon fiber ezweni lami kusesesigabeni sokuqala.Amandla okukhiqiza i-carbon fiber yasekhaya ibalelwa ku-0.4% kuphela wesamba esiphumayoukusebenza okuphezulu kwe-carbon fiber clothemhlabeni, futhi ngaphezu kuka-90% wokusetshenziswa kwasekhaya kuncike ekuthengeni kwamanye amazwe.Izinga le-PAN precursor belilokhu liyibhodlela elivimbela ukukhiqizwa okukhulu kwemboni ye-carbon fiber ezweni lami.Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa yokuthi i-carbon fibre sekuyisikhathi eside ibhekwa njengento ewusizo, amazwe athuthukile avaliwe kwamanye amazwe.Ngakho-ke, ochwepheshe bezimboni bakholelwa ukuthi ukuqinisa ucwaningo oluyisisekelo kuyisisekelo sokusungula izinto ezintsha kanye nendlela eyisisekelo yokuthuthukisa imboni yasekhaya ye-carbon fiber.

Izwe lami laqala ukufunda i-carbon fiber kusukela ngeminyaka yawo-1960 kuya ko-1970, icishe ihambisane nezwe.Ngemuva kweminyaka engaphezu kwengu-30 yokusebenza kanzima, iToray Company yaseJapan isungule imikhiqizo ye-carbon fibre eduze nezinga le-T300, kodwa okukhiphayo kanye nekhwalithi akukwazi ukuhlangabezana nesidingo sasekhaya, okude kakhulu namazwe angaphandle.Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinga elithuthukisiwe lamazwe ngamazwe, izinkinga ezivelele ze-carbon fibre yasekhaya amandla aphansi e-carbon fibre, ukufana okungekuhle nokuzinza, futhi izinga lokuthuthuka licishe libe iminyaka engama-20 kuya kwengama-30 ngemuva kwamazwe athuthukile, futhi isikali sokukhiqiza sincane, imishini yobuchwepheshe. isemuva, futhi ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza kuphansi.

Njengamanje, umthamo wokukhiqiza we-fibra de carbon pret emhlabeni ungamathani angama-35,000, futhi isidingo sonyaka emakethe yaseShayina singamathani ayi-6,500.Ingumthengi omkhulu we-carbon fiber.Kodwa-ke, ukuphuma kwe-carbon fibre yaseChina ngo-2007 kwakungamathani angama-200 kuphela, futhi ikakhulukazi imikhiqizo engasebenzi kahle.Iningi lemboni lithembele ekuthengisweni kwamanye amazwe, futhi intengo ibiza kakhulu.Isibonelo, imakethe ejwayelekile ye-T300 ayinalo usekelo lobuchwepheshe olunamalungelo okuvikela ubunikazi bokusungula ezimele, futhi amabhizinisi asekhaya awakakwazi ukusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obuphelele be-carbon fibre core.Izinga, ubuchwepheshe kanye nesilinganiso sokukhiqiza se-carbon fiber ezweni lami sihluke kakhulu kwamazwe angaphandle.Phakathi kwabo, ubuchwepheshe obuphezulu be-carbon fiber bulawulwa futhi buvinjwe yiJapane namazwe aseNtshonalanga.Ngakho-ke, kuthatha inqubo ende ukuqaphela ukwenziwa kwasendaweni kwe-carbon fiber.Ngenxa yokuntuleka kwemakethe, kube khona "i-carbon fibre fever" e-China eminyakeni yamuva, futhi izikhungo eziningi zocwaningo lwesayensi kanye namabhizinisi aqale ucwaningo lwe-carbon fiber kanye namaphrojekthi wezimboni ayizinkulungwane zamathani.

#Izinto ze-carbon fibre#I-polymer composite glass fiber material#Umphakeli we-Carbon fiber#ingilazi fiber oqoshiwe imicu#ukusebenza okuphezulu kwe-carbon fiber cloth